Every item may require a chain of providers to produce (usually the raw materials, and processing in several steps, including transportation).
Resource
flow and energy cost involved in a purchase.
In order to provide for the energy cost of each organization in the chain, the consumer would have to order the required resources from each of them. This may require knowledge that a realistic consumer does not have.
Instead
some of the organizations take on the role of an EC proxy, They
select the suppliers for some of the required services, based on
their relevance to the product and bill their energy cost to the
costumer in their name. The EC obtained in this way must simply be
forwarded to the appropriate provider endpoints. This way, the
consumer gets a simple final cost that can easily be compared between
providers.